Diversity of symbiotic bacteria in reproductive tracts and mid-gut of Culex pipiens
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Abstract
Background Culex pipiens is considered a vector for the transmission of infectious viral and parasitic diseases. To control this mosquito vector, investigating symbiotic bacteria colonized inside the mosquitoes’ organs to impede the transmission procedure of pathogens is of recent interest to researchers.
Methods This revision was intended to provide a comprehensive overview of the diversity of endosymbiont bacteria residing in different tissues of Cx. pipiens globally by using reports in Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct until May 2024.
Results The results showed that more than 50 bacterial genera have been reported in Culex tissues in which the bacterial diversity was higher in mid-gut than eggs or whole body in Cx. pipiens. More than 65% of samples were insectary-reared mosquitoes than wild types. Various methods based on culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches followed by molecular techniques such as 16SrRNA Illumina sequencing, Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), RNA shotgun metagenomic sequencing (RNA-seq), RT-PCR, and MALDI-TOF MS have been used for the recognition of bacterial at genera or species levels. The most favorable gene for molecular analysis via PCR is 16SrRNA, however, the wsp gene was another candidate used for identification of bacterial community.
Conclusion These results provide a library of defined bacteria associated with Cx. pipiens. Characterization of tissue-specific and host-specific bacterial communities shed light on further studies pursuing the functional role of endosymbiont organisms in control strategies and vector biology.
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