Parasitic Contamination of Fruits Grown in National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom and Environs, Jos South Local Government Area, Plateau State, Nigeria
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Abstract
Background: Fruits are essential dietary components but can act as vehicles for transmitting parasitic infections, particularly in areas with inadequate sanitation. We investigated the parasitic contamination of mangoes, pawpaw, and avocados grown in the National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI) and its environs in Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria.
Methods: Overall, 150 fruit samples, comprising mangoes, pawpaw, and avocados (50 each), were randomly collected from five locations within NVRI and its environs. Samples were analyzed using the ordinary centrifugation method and iodine preparation. Data were statistically evaluated using Chi-square analysis, with a significance level set at P≤0.05.
Results: Parasitic contamination was detected in 64% of the fruit samples. Four parasite species were identified: Entamoeba histolytica (52.4%), E. coli (26.6%), Strongyloides stercoralis (20.2%), and Giardia lamblia (0.8%). Mangoes exhibited the highest contamination rate (42.7%), followed by avocados (31.5%) and pawpaw (25.8%). Among the sampling locations, the Vaccine Complex recorded the highest contamination rate (25.0%). The results revealed significant associations between fruit types, contamination rates, and location (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The findings underscore a high prevalence of parasitic contamination, indicating poor environmental hygiene and public health risks. Rigorous washing and proper handling of fruits are recommended to prevent parasitic infections. Public health education and observing strict regulations in agricultural practices are vital to mitigating these risks.
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